Title: COBOL Language Reference
Document Number: SC26-9046-03
Build Date: 11/09/98 16:19:05 Build Version: 1.3.0
Document Path: /home/webapps/epubs/htdocs/book/igylr204.boo
CONTENTS Table of Contents
Summarize COVER Book Cover NOTICES Notices EDITION Edition Notice CONTENTS Table of Contents TABLES Tables FIGURES Figures FRONT_1 Notices FRONT_1.1 Programming Interface Information FRONT_1.2 Trademarks FRONT_2 About This Book FRONT_2.1 IBM Extensions FRONT_2.2 Obsolete Language Elements FRONT_2.3 How to Read the Syntax Diagrams FRONT_2.4 DBCS Notation FRONT_2.5 Acknowledgment FRONT_3 Summary of Changes FRONT_3.1 Fourth Edition (November 1998) FRONT_3.2 Third Edition (August 1998) FRONT_3.3 Second Edition (April 1998) 1.0 Part 1. COBOL Language Structure 1.1 Characters 1.1.1 Character-Strings 1.1.2 Figurative Constants 1.1.3 Special Registers 1.1.4 Literals 1.1.5 Separators 1.2 Sections and Paragraphs 1.2.1 Statements and Clauses 1.3 Reference Format 1.3.1 Sequence Number Area 1.3.2 Indicator Area 1.3.3 Area A 1.3.4 Area B 1.3.5 Area A or Area B 1.4 Scope of Names 1.4.1 Types of Names 1.4.2 External and Internal Resources 1.4.3 Resolution of Names 1.5 Referencing Data Names, Copy Libraries, and Procedure Division Names 1.5.1 Uniqueness of Reference 1.6 Transfer of Control 1.7 Millennium Language Extensions and Date Fields 1.7.1 Millennium Language Extensions Syntax 1.7.2 Terms and Concepts 2.0 Part 2. COBOL Source Unit Structure 2.1 COBOL Program Structure 2.1.1 Nested Programs 2.2 COBOL Class Definition Structure 2.3 COBOL Method Definition Structure 3.0 Part 3. Identification Division 3.1 Identification Division 3.1.1 PROGRAM-ID Paragraph 3.1.2 CLASS-ID Paragraph 3.1.3 METHOD-ID Paragraph 3.1.4 Optional Paragraphs 4.0 Part 4. Environment Division 4.1 Configuration Section 4.1.1 SOURCE-COMPUTER Paragraph 4.1.2 OBJECT-COMPUTER Paragraph 4.1.3 SPECIAL-NAMES Paragraph 4.1.4 ALPHABET Clause 4.1.5 SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS Clause 4.1.6 CLASS Clause 4.1.7 CURRENCY SIGN Clause 4.1.8 REPOSITORY Paragraph 4.2 Input-Output Section 4.2.1 FILE-CONTROL Paragraph 4.2.2 SELECT Clause 4.2.3 ASSIGN Clause 4.2.4 RESERVE Clause 4.2.5 ORGANIZATION Clause 4.2.6 PADDING CHARACTER Clause 4.2.7 RECORD DELIMITER Clause 4.2.8 ACCESS MODE Clause 4.2.9 RECORD KEY Clause 4.2.10 ALTERNATE RECORD KEY Clause 4.2.11 RELATIVE KEY Clause 4.2.12 PASSWORD Clause 4.2.13 LOCK MODE Clause (OS/2 VSAM Files Only) 4.2.14 FILE STATUS Clause 4.2.15 I-O-CONTROL Paragraph 4.2.16 RERUN Clause 4.2.17 SAME AREA Clause 4.2.18 SAME RECORD AREA Clause 4.2.19 SAME SORT AREA Clause 4.2.20 SAME SORT-MERGE AREA Clause 4.2.21 MULTIPLE FILE TAPE Clause 4.2.22 APPLY WRITE-ONLY Clause 5.0 Part 5. Data Division 5.1 Data Division Overview 5.1.1 File Section 5.1.2 Working-Storage Section 5.1.3 Local-Storage Section 5.1.4 Linkage Section 5.1.5 Data Types 5.1.6 Data Relationships 5.2 Data Division--File Description Entries 5.2.1 File Section 5.2.2 EXTERNAL Clause 5.2.3 GLOBAL Clause 5.2.4 BLOCK CONTAINS Clause 5.2.5 RECORD Clause 5.2.6 LABEL RECORDS Clause 5.2.7 VALUE OF Clause 5.2.8 DATA RECORDS Clause 5.2.9 LINAGE Clause 5.2.10 RECORDING MODE Clause 5.2.11 CODE-SET Clause 5.3 Data Division--Data Description Entry 5.3.1 Format 1 5.3.2 Format 2 5.3.3 Format 3 5.3.4 Level-Numbers 5.3.5 BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause 5.3.6 DATE FORMAT Clause 5.3.7 EXTERNAL Clause 5.3.8 GLOBAL Clause 5.3.9 JUSTIFIED Clause 5.3.10 OCCURS Clause 5.3.11 PICTURE Clause 5.3.12 REDEFINES Clause 5.3.13 RENAMES Clause 5.3.14 SIGN Clause 5.3.15 SYNCHRONIZED Clause 5.3.16 USAGE Clause 5.3.17 VALUE Clause 6.0 Part 6. Procedure Division 6.1 Procedure Division Structure 6.1.1 Requirements for a Method Procedure Division 6.1.2 The Procedure Division Header 6.1.3 Declaratives 6.1.4 Procedures 6.1.5 Arithmetic Expressions 6.1.6 Conditional Expressions 6.1.7 Statement Categories 6.1.8 Statement Operations 6.2 Procedure Division Statements 6.2.1 ACCEPT Statement 6.2.2 ADD Statement 6.2.3 ALTER Statement 6.2.4 CALL Statement 6.2.5 CANCEL Statement 6.2.6 CLOSE Statement 6.2.7 COMPUTE Statement 6.2.8 CONTINUE Statement 6.2.9 DELETE Statement 6.2.10 DISPLAY Statement 6.2.11 DIVIDE Statement 6.2.12 ENTRY Statement 6.2.13 EVALUATE Statement 6.2.14 EXIT Statement 6.2.15 EXIT METHOD Statement 6.2.16 EXIT PROGRAM Statement 6.2.17 GOBACK Statement 6.2.18 GO TO Statement 6.2.19 IF Statement 6.2.20 INITIALIZE Statement 6.2.21 INSPECT Statement 6.2.22 INVOKE Statement 6.2.23 MERGE Statement 6.2.24 MOVE Statement 6.2.25 MULTIPLY Statement 6.2.26 OPEN Statement 6.2.27 PERFORM Statement 6.2.28 READ Statement 6.2.29 RELEASE Statement 6.2.30 RETURN Statement 6.2.31 REWRITE Statement 6.2.32 SEARCH Statement 6.2.33 SET Statement 6.2.34 SORT Statement 6.2.35 START Statement 6.2.36 STOP Statement 6.2.37 STRING Statement 6.2.38 SUBTRACT Statement 6.2.39 UNSTRING Statement 6.2.40 WRITE Statement 7.0 Part 7. Intrinsic Functions 7.1 Intrinsic Functions 7.1.1 Specifying a Function 7.1.2 Function Definitions 7.1.3 ACOS 7.1.4 ANNUITY 7.1.5 ASIN 7.1.6 ATAN 7.1.7 CHAR 7.1.8 COS 7.1.9 CURRENT-DATE 7.1.10 DATE-OF-INTEGER 7.1.11 DATE-TO-YYYYMMDD 7.1.12 DATEVAL 7.1.13 DAY-OF-INTEGER 7.1.14 DAY-TO-YYYYDDD 7.1.15 FACTORIAL 7.1.16 INTEGER 7.1.17 INTEGER-OF-DATE 7.1.18 INTEGER-OF-DAY 7.1.19 INTEGER-PART 7.1.20 LENGTH 7.1.21 LOG 7.1.22 LOG10 7.1.23 LOWER-CASE 7.1.24 MAX 7.1.25 MEAN 7.1.26 MEDIAN 7.1.27 MIDRANGE 7.1.28 MIN 7.1.29 MOD 7.1.30 NUMVAL 7.1.31 NUMVAL-C 7.1.32 ORD 7.1.33 ORD-MAX 7.1.34 ORD-MIN 7.1.35 PRESENT-VALUE 7.1.36 RANDOM 7.1.37 RANGE 7.1.38 REM 7.1.39 REVERSE 7.1.40 SIN 7.1.41 SQRT 7.1.42 STANDARD-DEVIATION 7.1.43 SUM 7.1.44 TAN 7.1.45 UNDATE 7.1.46 UPPER-CASE 7.1.47 VARIANCE 7.1.48 WHEN-COMPILED 7.1.49 YEAR-TO-YYYY 7.1.50 YEARWINDOW 8.0 Part 8. Compiler-Directing Statements 8.1 Compiler-Directing Statement 8.1.1 BASIS Statement 8.1.2 CBL (PROCESS) Statement 8.1.3 *CONTROL (*CBL) Statement 8.1.4 COPY Statement 8.1.5 DELETE Statement 8.1.6 EJECT Statement 8.1.7 ENTER Statement 8.1.8 INSERT Statement 8.1.9 READY or RESET TRACE Statement 8.1.10 REPLACE Statement 8.1.11 SERVICE LABEL Statement 8.1.12 SERVICE RELOAD Statement 8.1.13 SKIP1/2/3 Statements 8.1.14 TITLE Statement 8.1.15 USE Statement 8.2 Compiler Directives 8.2.1 CALLINTERFACE APPENDIX1 Appendixes APPENDIX1.1 Appendix A. Compiler Limits APPENDIX1.2 Appendix B. EBCDIC and ASCII Collating Sequences APPENDIX1.2.1 EBCDIC Collating Sequence APPENDIX1.2.2 US English ASCII Code Page (ISO 646) APPENDIX1.3 Appendix C. Source Language Debugging APPENDIX1.3.1 Coding Debugging Lines APPENDIX1.3.2 Coding Debugging Sections APPENDIX1.3.3 DEBUG-ITEM Special Register APPENDIX1.3.4 Activate Compile-Time Switch APPENDIX1.3.5 Activate Object-Time Switch APPENDIX1.4 Appendix D. Reserved Words APPENDIX1.5 Appendix E. ASCII Considerations for OS/390 and VM APPENDIX1.5.1 Environment Division APPENDIX1.5.2 Data Division APPENDIX1.5.3 Procedure Division APPENDIX1.6 Appendix F. Locale Considerations (Workstation Only) APPENDIX1.7 Appendix G. Summary of Language Difference: Host COBOL and Workstation COBOL APPENDIX1.8 Appendix H. Industry Specifications APPENDIX1.8.1 Standard Terminology BACK_1 Bibliography BACK_2 Glossary INDEX Index BACK_3 We'd Like to Hear from You COMMENTS Readers' Comments
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