4.2.1 FILE-CONTROL Paragraph
The FILE-CONTROL paragraph associates each file in the COBOL program with an external data set, and specifies file organization, access mode, and other information.
The following are the formats for the FILE-CONTROL paragraph:
- Sequential file entries
- Indexed file entries
- Relative file entries
- X Line sequential file entries (Workstation only)
| Table 9. Types of Files | ||||
| File Organization |
Access Method OS/390 and VM |
File Systems | ||
| AIX | OS/2 | Windows | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sequential |
QSAM, VSAM |
VSAM(1), STL |
VSAM, Btrieve, STL |
VSAM(2), Btrieve, STL |
| Relative |
VSAM |
VSAM(1), STL |
VSAM, Btrieve, STL |
VSAM(2), Btrieve, STL |
| Indexed |
VSAM |
VSAM(1), STL |
VSAM, Btrieve, STL |
VSAM(2), Btrieve, STL |
 X Line X Sequential |
X n/a X |
X Native X |
X Native X |
X Native X |
| Note: (1) On AIX, you can access the SFS file system through VSAM. (2) On Windows, only remote file access is available. |
||||
The FILE-CONTROL paragraph begins with the word "FILE-CONTROL", followed by a separator period. It must contain one and only one entry for each file described in an FD or SD entry in the Data Division. Within each entry, the SELECT clause must appear first. The other clauses can appear in any order.
X >_Host_> Under OS/390 and VM, there is one exception to the rule about
X order. For indexed files, the PASSWORD clause, if specified, must
X immediately follow the RECORD KEY or ALTERNATE RECORD KEY data-name with
X which it is associated. <_Host_<
___ Format 1--Sequential-File-Control-Entries ____________________________________________________
| |
| <___________________ |
| >>__SELECT__ __________ __file-name-1__ASSIGN__ _ ____ ____assignment-name-1_|_ _______________> |
| |_OPTIONAL_| | |_TO_| | |
| | (1) | |
| |_ USING __ data-name-9 ________| |
| |
| >__ _____________________________ __ ______________________________________ ___________________> |
| |_RESERVE__integer__ _______ _| |_ ______________________ __SEQUENTIAL_| |
| |_AREA__| |_ORGANIZATION__ ____ _| |
| |_AREAS_| |_IS_| |
| |
| >__ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________> |
| |_PADDING__ ___________ __ ____ __ _data-name-5_ _| |
| |_CHARACTER_| |_IS_| |_literal-2___| |
| |
| >__ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________> |
| |_RECORD DELIMITER__ ____ __ _STANDARD-1________ _| |
| |_IS_| |_assignment-name-2_| |
| |
| >__ ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________> |
| |_ACCESS__ ______ __ ____ __SEQUENTIAL_| |
| |_MODE_| |_IS_| |
| |
| >__ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________> |
| | (2) | |
| |_ LOCK _____ ________ __ ______ __ AUTOMATIC __ ______________________________ _| |
| |_ MODE _| |_ IS _| |_ ________ __ LOCK ON RECORD _| |
| |_ WITH _| |
| |
| >__ _____________________________________ _____________________________________________________> |
| |_ PASSWORD __ ______ __ data-name-6 _| |
| |_ IS _| |
| |
| >__ __________________________________________________________ __.____________________________>< |
| |_ ______ __STATUS__ ____ __data-name-1__ _______________ _| |
| |_FILE_| |_IS_| |_ data-name-8 _| |
| |
| Notes: |
X | (1) The USING data-name phrase of the ASSIGN clause clause is only valid under AIX, OS/2, and |
X | Windows. |
| |
X | (2) The LOCK clause is only meaningful for OS/2 VSAM files. It is treated as a comment on AIX, |
X | Windows, and files other than VSAM on OS/2. It is invalid on OS/390 and VM. |
| |
|__________________________________________________________________________________________________|
___ Format 2--Indexed-File-Control-Entries _______________________________________________________
| |
| <___________________ |
| >>__SELECT__ __________ __file-name-1__ASSIGN__ _ ____ ____assignment-name-1_|_ _______________> |
| |_OPTIONAL_| | |_TO_| | |
| | (1) | |
| |_ USING __ data-name-9 ________| |
| |
| >__ _____________________________ __ ______________________ __INDEXED__________________________> |
| |_RESERVE__integer__ _______ _| |_ORGANIZATION__ ____ _| |
| |_AREA__| |_IS_| |
| |_AREAS_| |
| |
| >__ __________________________________________ ________________________________________________> |
| |_ACCESS__ ______ __ ____ __ _SEQUENTIAL_ _| |
| |_MODE_| |_IS_| |_RANDOM_____| |
| |_DYNAMIC____| |
| |
| >__ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________> |
| | (2) | |
| |_ LOCK _____ ________ __ ______ __ AUTOMATIC __ ______________________________ _| |
| |_ MODE _| |_ IS _| |_ ________ __ LOCK ON RECORD _| |
| |_ WITH _| |
| |
| >__RECORD__ _____ __ ____ __data-name-2__ _____________________________________ _______________> |
| |_KEY_| |_IS_| |_ PASSWORD __ ______ __ data-name-6 _| |
| |_ IS _| |
| |
| <_________________ |
| >____ _____________ _|__ __________________________________________________________ __._______>< |
| |_| entry 1 |_| |_ ______ __STATUS__ ____ __data-name-1__ _______________ _| |
| |_FILE_| |_IS_| |_ data-name-8 _| |
| |
| entry 1: |
| (3) |
| |__ALTERNATE RECORD_____ _____ __ ____ __data-name-3__ ______________________ _________________> |
| |_KEY_| |_IS_| |_ ______ __DUPLICATES_| |
| |_WITH_| |
| |
| >__ _____________________________________ _____________________________________________________| |
| |_ PASSWORD __ ______ __ data-name-7 _| |
| |_ IS _| |
| |
| Notes: |
X | (1) The USING data-name phrase of the ASSIGN clause is only valid under AIX, OS/2, and Windows. |
| |
X | (2) The LOCK clause is only meaningful for OS/2 VSAM files. It is treated as a comment on AIX, |
X | Windows, and files other than VSAM on OS/2. It is invalid on OS/390 and VM. |
| |
X | (3) RECORD is optional as an IBM extension. |
| |
|__________________________________________________________________________________________________|
___ Format 3--Relative-File-Control-Entries ______________________________________________________
| : |
| <___________________ |
| >>__SELECT__ __________ __file-name-1__ASSIGN__ _ ____ ____assignment-name-1_|_ _______________> |
| |_OPTIONAL_| | |_TO_| | |
| | (1) | |
| |_ USING __ data-name-9 ________| |
| |
| >__ _____________________________ __ ______________________ __RELATIVE_________________________> |
| |_RESERVE__integer__ _______ _| |_ORGANIZATION__ ____ _| |
| |_AREA__| |_IS_| |
| |_AREAS_| |
| |
| >__ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ____> |
| |_ACCESS__ ______ __ ____ __ _SEQUENTIAL__ ________________________________________ _ _| |
| |_MODE_| |_IS_| | |_RELATIVE__ _____ __ ____ __data-name-4_| | |
| | |_KEY_| |_IS_| | |
| |_ _RANDOM__ __RELATIVE__ _____ __ ____ __data-name-4____| |
| |_DYNAMIC_| |_KEY_| |_IS_| |
| |
| >__ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________> |
| | (2) | |
| |_ LOCK _____ ________ __ ______ __ AUTOMATIC __ ______________________________ _| |
| |_ MODE _| |_ IS _| |_ ________ __ LOCK ON RECORD _| |
| |_ WITH _| |
| |
| >__ _____________________________________ _____________________________________________________> |
| |_ PASSWORD __ ______ __ data-name-6 _| |
| |_ IS _| |
| |
| >__ __________________________________________________________ __.____________________________>< |
| |_ ______ __STATUS__ ____ __data-name-1__ _______________ _| |
| |_FILE_| |_IS_| |_ data-name-8 _| |
| |
| Notes: |
X | (1) The USING data-name phrase of the ASSIGN clause is only valid under AIX, OS/2, and Windows. |
| |
X | (2) The LOCK clause is only meaningful for OS/2 VSAM files. It is treated as a comment on AIX, |
X | Windows, and files other than VSAM on OS/2. It is invalid on OS/390 and VM. |
| |
|__________________________________________________________________________________________________|
X ___ Format 4--Line Sequential I-O (Workstation Only) ______________________________ X | | X | >>__SELECT__ __________ __file-name-1___________________________________________> | X | |_OPTIONAL_| | | | X | <___________________ | X | >__ASSIGN__ _ ____ ____assignment-name-1_|_ ____________________________________> | X | | |_TO_| | | X | |_USING__data-name-9____________| | | | X | >__ ______________________ __LINE SEQUENTIAL____________________________________> | X | |_ORGANIZATION__ ____ _| | X | |_IS_| | | | X | >__ ______________________________________ _____________________________________> | X | |_ACCESS__ ______ __ ____ __SEQUENTIAL_| | X | |_MODE_| |_IS_| | | | X | >__ ________________________________________________________ __._______________>< | X | |_ ______ __STATUS__ ____ __data-name-1__ _____________ _| | X | |_FILE_| |_IS_| |_data-name-8_| | | | |___________________________________________________________________________________|
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